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一、It is a figure of speech...
1、我国外高中时候学的现在都快望光了
2、1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic(特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.
3、2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage.
4、3) Analogy:(类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.
5、4) Personification:(拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.
6、5) Hyperbole:(夸张） It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.
7、6) Understatement:(含蓄陈述） It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.
8、7) Euphemism:(委婉） It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to"die" as" pass away".
9、8) Metonymy(转喻） It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen(words) is mightier than the sword(forces).
10、9) Synecdoche(提喻） It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.
11、10) Antonomasia(换喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.
12、11) Pun:(双关语） It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms.(Here"arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)
13、12) Syllepsis:(一语双叙） It has two connotations.
14、In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him.(Here us is used to refer to you and me.)
15、In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting, and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career.(Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)
16、13) Zeugma:(轭式搭配） It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night.(Here noon is not strong enough to burn)
17、14) Irony:(反语） It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.
18、15) Innuendo:(暗讽） It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout(曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.
19、16) Sarcasm:(讽刺） It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.
20、17) Paradox:(似非而是的隽语） It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.
21、18) Oxymoron:(矛盾修饰） It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).
22、19) Antithesis:(对照） It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.
23、20) Epigram:(警句） It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.
24、21) Climax:(渐进） It is derived from the Greek word for"ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.
25、22) Anti-climax or bathos:(突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.
26、23) Apostrophe：(顿呼） In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person(dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!
27、24) Transferred Epithet:(转类形容词） It is a figure of speech where an epithet(an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.
28、25) Alliteration:(头韵） It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called"front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.
29、26) Onomatopoeia:(拟声） It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object(animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement.
二、figure是什么意思用法
figure既能做名词也能做动词，那么你知道figure做名词和动词分别都是什么意思吗?下面我为大家带来figure的英语意思和相关用法，欢迎大家学习!
英 [ˈfiɡə]美 [ˈfɪɡjɚ]
figure的用法1：figure用作名词时,可表示“轮廓”,由此转化为动词,意为“出现”,常与介词in连用,强调“引人注目”“占据重要位置”。也可表示对某事的预测,即“估计,有可能”。在美国口语中, figure可表示“计算在内”,含有计算工作艰苦,负担很重的意味。这时常与介词in连用。
figure的用法2：figure可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时后接名词或代词作宾语。figure还可用作系动词,后接名词作表语。
figure的用法3：在非正式英语中, figure可表示“认为”“料想”,这时多接that从句作宾语,也可接以“(to be/as+) n./adj.”充当补足语的复合宾语。
1. They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them.
他们差不多快到船边时，一个人影从他们旁边飞奔而过。
2. Alistair saw the dim figure of Rose in the chair.
阿利斯泰尔看见了坐在椅子里的罗丝的模糊身影。
3. I don't have to be a detective to figure that out.
4. This figure has long been held to possess miraculous power.
这个数字长时间以来都被认为拥有神奇的力量。
5. She retains her slim figure and is free of wrinkles.
她保持着苗条的身材，脸上也没有皱纹。
6. A figure in a blue dress appeared in the doorway.
一个穿着蓝色连衣裙的身影出现在门口。
7. Today's RPI figure shows inflation running at 10.9 per cent.
今天的零售物价指数显示通货膨胀率为10.9%。
8. In figure 24"D" denotes quantity demanded and"S" denotes quantity supplied.
在图24中，D代表需求量而S代表供应量。
9. You'll lose your girlish figure if you don't watch out.
如果不多加注意，你就会失去女孩般的苗条身段。
10. He looked a forlorn figure as he limped off after 26 minutes.
26分钟之后他一瘸一拐地走出来，显得孤单凄凉。
11. Of course I'm not. It was just a figure of speech.
我当然不是，这不过是打个比方。
12. Since her death, she has become a cult figure.
她死后成了部分人狂热崇拜的偶像。
13. They're trying to figure out the politics of this whole situation.
他们正试图弄明白整个情形背后的权术争斗。
14. Perhaps they need the guiding hand of a firm father figure.
也许他们需要一个父亲般严格的指引者。
15. Is this just a figure she plucked out of the air?
三、figure of speech和 rhetoric有什么区别吗
1、“言以足志，文以足言”“言之无文，行而不远”（《左传襄公二十五年》）。“文”，指辞藻文采。使表达准确，生动，鲜明，有力。
2、修辞学是现代语言学的一个分支。辞格(figure of speech)是修辞学的重要组成部分。五四运动后从西方引入，七十年代有所发展。
3、形象化说法：例如隐喻或直喻等表达方式或如拟人或夸张等文学手法，通过这些方法文字能用非字面的意义获得超过普通语言的效果。
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