大家好，感谢邀请，今天来为大家分享一下figure of speech的问题，以及和figure in figure of speech的一些困惑，大家要是还不太明白的话，也没有关系，因为接下来将为大家分享，希望可以帮助到大家，解决大家的问题，下面就开始吧！
一、It is a figure of speech...
1、我国外高中时候学的现在都快望光了
2、1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic(特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.
3、2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage.
4、3) Analogy:(类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.
5、4) Personification:(拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.
6、5) Hyperbole:(夸张） It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.
7、6) Understatement:(含蓄陈述） It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.
8、7) Euphemism:(委婉） It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to"die" as" pass away".
9、8) Metonymy(转喻） It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen(words) is mightier than the sword(forces).
10、9) Synecdoche(提喻） It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.
11、10) Antonomasia(换喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.
12、11) Pun:(双关语） It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms.(Here"arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)
13、12) Syllepsis:(一语双叙） It has two connotations.
14、In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him.(Here us is used to refer to you and me.)
15、In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting, and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career.(Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)
16、13) Zeugma:(轭式搭配） It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night.(Here noon is not strong enough to burn)
17、14) Irony:(反语） It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.
18、15) Innuendo:(暗讽） It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout(曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.
19、16) Sarcasm:(讽刺） It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.
20、17) Paradox:(似非而是的隽语） It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.
21、18) Oxymoron:(矛盾修饰） It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).
22、19) Antithesis:(对照） It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.
23、20) Epigram:(警句） It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.
24、21) Climax:(渐进） It is derived from the Greek word for"ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.
25、22) Anti-climax or bathos:(突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.
26、23) Apostrophe：(顿呼） In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person(dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!
27、24) Transferred Epithet:(转类形容词） It is a figure of speech where an epithet(an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.
28、25) Alliteration:(头韵） It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called"front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.
29、26) Onomatopoeia:(拟声） It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object(animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement.
二、figure of speech和 rhetoric有什么区别吗
1、“言以足志，文以足言”“言之无文，行而不远”（《左传襄公二十五年》）。“文”，指辞藻文采。使表达准确，生动，鲜明，有力。
2、修辞学是现代语言学的一个分支。辞格(figure of speech)是修辞学的重要组成部分。五四运动后从西方引入，七十年代有所发展。
3、形象化说法：例如隐喻或直喻等表达方式或如拟人或夸张等文学手法，通过这些方法文字能用非字面的意义获得超过普通语言的效果。
三、part of speech,figure of speech——另类复合词
这两个词最具迷惑性的是看起来看短语，因为极少复合词中使用单词of，更多的是在短语或习语中出现of，其实这是复合词。
1. parts of speech(或写成part of speech)，part使用单复数均可，即既然是复合词，可以使用连字符写成parts-of-speech(part-of-speech)，只是一般很少加连字符，翻译成语语为“词类，词性”。
其定义为“是一种具有相似语法属性的词的分类，或者更一般地说，是一种具有相似语法属性词汇的分类。”大约在公元1500年出现，转译自拉丁语 pars orationis，其中pars含义是“a part,portion,piece,share”，而orationis含义是“speaking,speech,language”。这其实不是一个短语，而是一个复合词，看起来像短语，具有迷惑性。在英语中，词类通常分为：名词(noun),动词(verb),形容词(adjective),副词(adverb),代词(pronoun),前置词preposition),连词(conjunction),感叹词(或插入语)(interjection),数量词(numeral),冠词(article),或限定词(determiner)，一共11类，有的分为9类，不包括冠词和限定词，而是把冠词和限定词归为形容词.
用法示例：part of speech tagger词性标注器
2. figures of speech:表示“修辞，修辞学”，没有查到其词源。词中，figure的含义“修辞”也只有在这个词中体现，一般很少单独作为“修辞学”使用，都是合起来表示“修辞”。
同理，可以写成figures-of-speech(或figure-of-speech)，figure使用单复数都可以。
feature of speech(语音特征)，
liberty of speech(freedom of speech)(言论自由)
OK，本文到此结束，希望对大家有所帮助。
